Hollow clay-tile building-block.



H. G. BONE.

HOLLOW CLAY TILE BUILDING BLOCK.

APPLICATION man JUNE 1. 191s.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

" ...P-w a In imm? Patented Apr. i6, 1918.

R. GfBoNE.

HOLLOW CLAY TILE lBUILDING BLOCK.

APPLICATION msn JUNE 1. 191s.

1,263,027. Patented Apr. 16,1915;

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

'A Tron/vf ys RUSSELL G. BONE, OF MILLEDGEVILLE, GEORGIA.

HOLLOW CLAY-TILE BUILDING-BLOCK.

Specification of Letters Paten-t.

llatented Apr. 16, 1918.

Application iiled J' une 7, 1916. Serial No. 102,164.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUSSELL G. BONE, a citizen of the United States, residingat Milledgeville, county of Baldwin, and State. of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hollow Clay-Tile Building-Blocks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates in general to an improvement in cementitious building blocks and Wall structures built therefrom and specifically relates tothat type of blocks known-as vertical cored hollow tile blocks. One of the objects of the invention is to provide a light form of vertically cored building block which can be constructed economically from a minimum amount of material and designed to support and transmit heavy strains vertically throu h thin outlining walls and web elements o? the block.

Another object of the invention is to provide a block which when assembled in interlocked position in a wall preserves the advantages of such structures which have veru tically disposed air. chambers therein and the blocks of which' may be arranged to break joint both along the Vertical and also alon the horizontal courses 4so that the possibility of passage of moisture from' one face (pf the wall to the other will be minirnlze In order to provide such al block ofthe least possible amount of material and at the same time provide a block sufficiently rugged to withstand crushing strains incidental to such structures, it 1s necessar to connect the outlining walls by means o interior webs.- In the case of integral thin walled and webbed structures, these interior webs are quite liable to become cracked or otherwise damaged during the process of molding especially where the webs are long or where they are spaced so far apart as to fail to have any mutual bracing effect.

Accordingly another object is to provide a hollow cored building block the vertically disposed interior webs of which are either closely positioned relative to each other or` which are relatively small in area when molded.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a break joint wall construction with the blocks arranged so that the cementing material between adjacent blocks in a horizontal course may extend into small locking chambers 'adjacent opposite faces of the course next below thereby to lock the courses with a minimum amount of keying cementing material. j

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will be in part obvious from an inspection of the accompanying drawings and in part will be more fully set forth in the following particular description of one form of structure embodying my invention, and the invention also consists in certain new -and novel features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

`In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a section of a wall of minimum thickness formed from blocks constituting a preferred lembodiment of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on a transverse plane between certain of the blocks and taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a plan view looking down on three of the blocks assembled as shown in Fig. 1, and v Fig. 4 is an end view of the vblocks assembled to form a thick form of wall.

In the following description and in the claim, parts will be identified by specific names for convenience of expression but they are intended to be as generic in their application to similar 'parts as the art will ermit.

The blocks will be described with reference to their position as shown in the drawings as they are primarily intended to be set with the air chambers opened at. top and bottom so as to register vertically when assembled to form the wall.

The blocks are rectangular and of a general squared T-'shape including a head 10 in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped having a similarly shaped stem portionv 11 projecting integrally from one face. of the head intermediate the height of this face. The stem is of the same length from front to rear as the thickness of the-head similarly measured so that the blocks may be reversed in position with the stem of one block superimposed on the head of the block or blocks next below to form the straight frontl and .back faces of the wall shown in Fig. 1. 'The articular block illustrated has a height-and ength of 4twelve inches and a thickness from front to rear of eight inches. When viewed in plan as shown 1n Fig. 3 the block is provided with seven major openings extending vertically andconstituting open' ended air chambers. These chambers are arranged with two similarly sized openings 12 and 13 adjacent the one face and two such openings 14 and 15 paralleling the otherffaceof the block. ,The openings 12 and 13 are contained entirely within the head of the block and the openings 14 and 15 are contained entirely within the stem portion of the block.

A line of chambers 16--17-18 of equal size but of smaller horizontal cross-sectional area than the outside openings 12-15 parallel the outside openings and are positioned half-way within the head and half-way within the stem portion as shown in Fig. 2.

The outside openings adjacent each'face of the block are separated by pairs of closely positioned internal cross webs 19-20 forming between them transversely disposed narrow pockets 21 of small capacity and designed to extend across the joints between the lblocks of the course next above and below.

The block may be considered as a shell formed of thin outlining walls 22, a pair of parallel longitudinal connecting webs 23 and a pair of equally spaced'fstepped cross- Webs 24 connecting the longitudinal webs 23"4 and forming the chambers 16, 17 and 18.

These cross webs are closely positioned, as

shown for example in webs 19 and 20.

Should a wall of minimum thickness as shown in Fig. 1 be desired, the blocks are laid in horizontal courses with the stems of the blocks in one course extending in the opposite directions from the stems of the blocks in the contiguous courses. The blocks are shifted horizontally until the joints between adjacent bloclrs in one course are center'ed over the pockets 21 of the blocks in the course next below. The end faces 25, of adjacent blocks are cemented together by any usual `plastic composition 26' the edge portions of which adjacent the side walls are extended downwardlyT into the pockets just below thereby to effect a keying between the joint'and the two pockets in the block below. As these chambers are narrow, a small amount of the'com'position is'sufiicient to lill oreven partly lill the pockets and in this way a secure keying between courses is effected when the keying material has set, and the amount of expensive bonding material used is reduced to a minimum.

It is noted that all outlining walls and interior webs are disposed vertically and when arranged in staggered relation in a wall may be so shifted that strains are trans'- mitted 4vertically withthe contiguous Awalls of adjacent blocks disposed over the strengthened interior portion 'in each block formed by the closely positioned cross webs adjacent each of the outer faces of the blocks.l

At the same time the air compartments are formed of maximum size even the space between the compartments' 21 is utilized to form an air compartment 17 and the possibility of moisture percolation from wall to wall is reduced to a minimum and at the same time the necessary strength is preserved.

As shown in Fig. 4 a thicker form of wall may be formed by building up two tiers of blocks with the body portions superimposed and the projecting portions interlocking vertically. It is obvious that when so arranged the air chambers are open vertically in the same manner as has been described with ref erence to the thinner wall shown in Fig. 1.

While I have shown and described, and have pointed out in the annexed claim, certain novel features of my invention, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its'operation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. 4

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim:

A hollow wall construction including at least two superimposed courses of hollowv blocks, each E'shape in end elevation and including a relatively deep head and a l'elatively shallow stem portion projecting centrally from one side of the head, the block being provided with three parallel lines of vertically extending openings positioned longitudinally of the block, said openings registering with the openings of similar adjacent blocks to form continuous openings vertically through thc wall, one of the outer of said lines of openings being positioned in thehead, the other outer line being positioned in the stem portion and the intermediate line being positioned partly in the head and partly ,in the stem portion, the upper and lower end portions of the intermediate openings forming open sided recesses coacting with the similar recesses in the heads of adjacent blocks to complete the line of intermediate openings.

Signed at Milledgeville in the county of Baldwin and State of Georgia this 16th day of May, 1916.

RUSSELL G. BONE. 

